G
Gast15453
Guest
meist Sünden der Vergangenheit
Folge dem Video um zu sehen, wie unsere Website als Web-App auf dem Startbildschirm installiert werden kann.
Anmerkung: This feature may not be available in some browsers.
meist Sünden der Vergangenheit
Ach übringens: Die Elacin ER sind goil. Nur die 15er reichen mir nicht, wenns lauter wird.
?!?Snaip schrieb:Analgen
In so einem Fall sollte man mal über vernünftiges monitoring nachdenken oder sich wenigstens auf seine Kopfhörer verlassen.Was ich auch schon oft gemerkt habe, was auch da mit reinspielt: DJs, die die Höhen wie blöd aufdrehen, weil die PA von ihnen weg schallt und daher auf der Kanzel der Sound weniger höhenbetont ankommt. Dem Publikum bläst's aber gleichzeitig schon fast die Nasenhaare weg...
Ich kann nur sagen wir als DJs sollten mal etwas mehr über guten Sound nachdenken!
Ich habe bisher immer nur von billigen Boxen etc gelesen.
Keiner hat was über das Fehlverhalten der DJs geschrieben.
Wenn eine PA auf dem letzten Loch pfeift dann macht man leiser und nicht lauter. Und glaubt mir:
Die Leute tanzen trotzdem!
Und nur weil "Capt'n Druffmeißter" sagt "mach mal lauter!" bedeutet das nicht:
"Wenn du nicht lauter machen kannst hast du einen zu kleinen Penis!!!"
Ich find sowas ist auch gar nicht so einfach zu Kategorisieren.
Was ist denn "guter Klang"!? Für die Allgemeinheit doch gar nicht zu definieren.
Der erste hätte gerne ein homogenes Klangbild über das gesamte Spektrum, der nächste steht auf schneidende Höhen, wiederum anderen können die Bässe gar nicht zuviel wummern usw., usw.
Ich persönlich steh weder auf Höhen die mir die Ohren abschneiden, noch Bässe die nachschwingen wie nen Koni-hawaii-Fahrwerk.
Für mich muss eine gute Anlage differenziert aber konstant furztrocken über das gesamte Frequenzspektrum direkt "auf den Punkt" spielen.
Für alles andere gibts nen Equalizer, aber das halt nur meine persönliche Meinung...
Ich frage mich halt allerdings, warum an dieser Stelle der Signalkette?...
Jede der ridertauglichen Boxenschmieden kann mit seinen Produkten sehr guten Clubsound realisieren, einige eben sehr guten. Und neben diesen ridertauglichen Firmen gibt es eben noch die kleinen "PA Bastler" wie GSA, Shorty usw Gerade letzterer baut PA Systeme die eben nicht linear klingen sollen sondern angenehm. Und deswegen halte ich es auch für etwas gewagt zu sagen das eben der Iso von ihm (btw es ging um den Bender) schlecht klingt. Natürlich hat er einen "loudness effekt" aber spiel doch mal bitte 1000 clubbern einen Track ohne und einen mit Loudness vor, was wird den meißten wohl besser gefallen?
Ich denke hier sollte man seinen persöhnlichen Geschmack vertrauen und nichts bewerten was man nicht gehört hat.
...
@Bossa:
Nur für uns beiden Wave-Aktiven.
@flipsen:
lol du gurke
Es geht um das Wave Music Community Board
Ich selber kaufe 320er weil ich keinen qualitativen Unterschied zu wav hören kann.
Alex Rosner
Red Bull Music Academy, Cape Town 2003
The video stream for this lecture can be watched here.
Alex Rosner began his love affair with sound in the golden age of hi-fi - and by the early '70s had pioneered the first stereo soundsystem in clubs, the first pair of tweeter arrays and crossover. You're likely to hear his name mentioned in connection with the success of legendary New York clubs such as David Mancuso's The Loft; but you might not know he radically changed the world of DJing when he came up with the prototype for another new gadget - a friendly little mixer with cueing system called Rosie. Alex Rosner has plenty of tricks for people interested in clear, loin-vibrating sound reproduction - but when we say: "That’s magic," he says: "That's just ordinary basic principles."
Alex Rosner: »I never was far from music. After my engineering education, the hi-fi bug bit me badly. When the LP was invented in 1949 I was just entering highschool. It was love at first sight and I could play records much better than I could play the piano. So I stayed with that.
The golden age of high fidelity began in 1949 and lasted to the '50s and stereo sound became popular in about 1956. Unless people of that time did not think that stereo was an improvement. They kept saying that mono was really better, but this wasn't true.
I got into this business very slowly, but by 1967 it was a fulltime career. And it didn't disappoint. The good part was that it never was a decision between business or pleasure - the line of demarcation between private life and the business didn't exist, it was just one life.
Most of you here are interested from a sound standpoint. You are interested in reproduced sound as opposed to sound reinforcement, like a microphone is reinforcing my voice in real time.
Sound reproduction is about playing a stored sound from a record or a compact disk. And there are basic principles. And the way to think of it is:
Imagine five panes of glass, vertically, that you look through onto an object on the other side. Each one of these panes of glass represents a component in a sound system. The last component would be the loudspeakers. The component before would be the amplifier. The component before would be the processing equipment - if you have any. And the component before that would be the preamp. And then the playback device itself, whether it is a turntable, phono cartridge or tape deck, CD player or any electronics.
You could also consider the acoustic space as a component. That would be even closer to you than the loudspeakers, because the sound has to travel from the loudspeakers to you.
The purpose of a sound reproduction system is to tell the truth: to reproduce it, the way it really is. And the only way to make a fair test is that you have to have an original - an instrument like guitar or some live instrument for example - and record the instrument, play it back through the soundsystem and compare the original with the reproduced sound of the soundsystem(...).
A good looking loudspeaker helps! If you have a good looking loudspeaker versus a lousy looking loudspeaker, and they both sound identical, I promise you that you will choose the good looking one. I found speaker wire cable, that costs 60 dollars per foot. They sell it so expensive, because it looks so pretty. But I promise you, if I take a lamp cord, that cost 20 cents per foot, you would not hear a difference.«
RBMA: »Now that we've got the expert here, why don't we test the best position for the speakers here?«
Alex Rosner: »There are principles and from experience, I can guess what the best position is for this speakers in this space - but only from experience. There are computer programs, that can make some predictions, but they are very time consuming and you could easily do mistakes. So that's not as reliable. You mentioned that these speakers are too big, well it's like money: You can never have too much because you know you will give some of it away.
Loudspeakers never can be too big, because you always can turn the volume down. About 20 years ago, I did a soundsystem for a chef [cook]. He said: "Can you put a pair of Klipsch horns in my kitchen?" Klipsch horns are very big loudspeakers, about 5 feet tall and 4 feet wide, it goes into corners and are intended for a large room. I asked him: "Well, how big is your kitchen?", and he said: "10 by 12 feet."
I said: "Of course, no problem!" I put them in the kitchen and it sounded great. His issue was, if a pair of small speakers would sound better than big ones. And the answer is no, why would a pair of small loudspeakers sound better?
The only question I had was, should I put them on the floor rather than on top. Normally they are raised, because the sound of the tweeters would be blocked by the people in the front and the high frequencies could not go through to the people standing in the rear.«
RBMA: »What is a frequency, how does it work?«
Alex Rosner: »Sound is composed of a wide range of frequencies. Most humans can hear a range from as low as 20Hz for the bass notes, up to 19KHz for the top high notes. As you get older you don't hear so good in the very high end. Most human speech falls in a range between of 100Hz to 12KHz. While musical instruments have a greater range and what separates the sound of different instruments are the very, very high frequencies. It would be nice if soundsystems could reproduce this whole range error-free, but that's difficult to do.
That's why they break up the speaker setup of a loudspeaker into three ranges: the bass, midrange and the highs. The crossover network determines which are the low, mid and high frequencies and sends these frequencies to the different loudspeaker drivers. In this particular soundsystem the crossover network comes before the amplifier. So we have three steps of independent amplifiers here: one for the woofer, one for the midrange and one for the highs. That's a more elegant way of doing it. It's like putting the engine directly on top of the wheels [of a car].«
RBMA: »How do frequency, air and movement relate?«
Alex Rosner: »OK, forget the soundsystems for a moment. The sound of my voice modulates the air, which means it pushes the air around. The molecules in the air travel through the air and reach your ears. Through a soundsystem, it's the speaker that moves the air back and forth and modulates the air molecules to the person that hears the sound.
Most of the energy in the sound is in the low frequencies. The bass speakers of a soundsystem need a lot more power than the high frequency speakers.
The difference between a direct driver loudspeaker and a horn speaker is that the horn speakers have more acoustic power, but the direct driver will give you a cleaner signal, assuming that you have a amplifier that can drive it.«
RBMA: »What is then the difference between a Jamaican soundsystem and a club soundsystem?«
Alex Rosner: »It's the same thing, except in a closed room, like a club, the sound is affected by the acoustic space. Whereas outdoors the sound isn't reflected very much. It's much easier to make an outdoor soundsystem sound good, than one in a room. The soundsystem in a room is always affected by the room. The room is usually the enemy, not the friend.
This particular room happens to be a really good room acoustically because the ceiling is not parallel to the floor. That's enemy number one, when you have a ceiling that's parallel, especially when it's hard surfaces. Second thing is that it has these perforations in the ceiling so that it can absorb reflections to some degree. Third is, that we have a nice rug on the floor, that absorbs some frequencies. We do not have too much glass like windows and the surfaces [of the wall and the interior] are very irregular. The more irregular you can make the surfaces, the better the acoustics are going to be.
An ideal room would be the golden rectangle. In Greek mythology you hear of the golden rectangle. The golden rectangle is a rectangle, where each side of the room is times of squared of 2 of the other. Squared of two is about 1.416. So, imagine a room that's, lets say 10 feet, by 14 feet, by 21 feet. That would be a golden rectangle, or in that proportions.
Those proportions seem to be the best for sound. Where no two surfaces are parallel, so you have to have skewed walls. Whenever you see a recording studio, generally, that's how they are made. Those are ideal rooms.
But normally, we don't have the choice; when we are going to a space, then the room is given, so we have to work within the room, we can't really fool around too much. All you can do is: you can pad some of the walls or put cylinders in there, because the cylinder is a diffusing element that diffuses the sound. As opposed to a focusing element, which is a concave element - that's the worst.
When I do churches, usually I have these domed ceilings and they are public enemy number one, because they focus the sound, instead of spreading it around. So a bunch of columns and pillars, that's wonderful. Any irregular surface, anything that doesn't focus it back and forth, or makes it bounce around is good. So this room is very good acoustically you can get good sound reproduction in here, good sound reinforcement. You will have no trouble understanding me - it's a good room! A good room for musical performances, too.
You can test a room. If you are going to a room and you want to know if it's going to sound good, you just have to speak and have someone else to walk around and if he can understand you, it's a good room. If he can't understand you, then it's a reverberant room, in which you have to do the following: Do not put speakers all around the room, because that gives you too many sound sources and each of the sound sources is reverberated in the room, so you will get a multiplication of the problem. Instead, focus the sound, centre the sound. Put the sound in the middle of the room. If it's a very reverberant space, put the loudspeakers in the middle of the room in an omnidirectional way, so that the sound is aimed outward from the centre.
Imagine dropping a stone in the water and you see the ripples going outward from the centre. That's how this would be. That way will get the most intelligible sound. If you go to a very big arena, like Madison Square Garden, you will notice they put the soundsystem loudspeakers in the middle of the room and the sound goes outward from there and everybody can understand what's going on.
As a practical matter it is hard to make a dancefloor - take up the loudspeaker cluster in the middle of the room - that wouldn't be too popular. But I must tell you, I did it once: Casablanca Records threw a party in New York at the Hilton or one of those hotels, many years ago. And I looked at the room and I said: "That's impossible, you got to be kidding! You can't have a party here. This room is humongous and it's going to sound atrocious!"
They said: "We don't care, we're having a party here. We have got 4.000 people coming and you got to make it work." It happens that I was working on another soundsystem in another club at that time and I had all their equipment in my possession. So we took this system and made a circle out of it, a whole big tower of speakers, all emanating outward, starting in the centre of the room. And I took white gauze and covered the loudspeakers with it. They called it 'The Bride'.
And it became the talk of the town because nobody could understand how this system could sound terrific in a terrible room like that. That was never done since, they thought it was magic. I said: "It wasn't magic, that were just ordinary basic principles." And they had to dance around 'The Bride', that's the way it was.
It took up about 3 or 4 meters across in diameter, but the room was huge, so what? But the sound was not strong coming out since it was omni directional with eight loudspeakers. There were eight bass horns in the middle - that was a four way system - eight lower midrange speakers, eight upper midrange speakers, and 16 tweeters on top. You know, that was a big tower!
If you were in front of one loudspeaker, you didn't get killed, because you only got some of the sound. All the other sound was emanating in all different directions. People then really did not know where the sound was coming from. All they know was, that there were no echoes to speak of and the sound was really intelligible. The bass did not mask the rest of the sound because what you get if you space the bass speakers 30 or 40 feet apart, is, that the bass is going to mask the midrange and you got no intelligibility at all.
This is one of the problems with clubs, aside from playing too loud: the spacing of the bass loudspeakers being too far apart is a problem. One should try to keep the bass as close together as possible. A good place for bass loudspeakers would be under the stage, all together in one spot.
Bass travels omnidirectionally outward. You cannot control [it]. Even if the 15inch loudspeaker in the system here [in the Academy’s soundsystem] is facing directly to the audience, believe me as much [bass] energy is behind the loudspeaker. The bass speaker sends the sound completely omnidirectional, that's the nature of low frequency energy.
High frequencies are different; you can have them around the room, because they are more or less focused. They travel in narrow beams, relatively speaking. Not like light, but in narrow beams, that can get reflected.
If you put speakers into a corner, for the same power going to the speaker, you going to get more sound coming out of it, because the corner acts as an amplifier. You would notice, that if you're speaking when you back away into a corner, you sound much louder than if you are away from the corner. If you don't have a corner, put [the loudspeakers] against the wall. Here [in the Academy], we don't have them against the wall because we don't care, we got plenty of power. But if you want more loudness out of your speakers, put them against the wall and put them close to the floor or close to the ceiling.
The trouble [putting a soundsystem] close to the ceiling is, that you should keep the bass speakers close to the floor. The function of bass is to sort of vibrate our loins. That's what you really want to do with bass. You don't want to go down too low in the bass, because if you put out too much energy in a very low frequency range – it's called the hypersonic region, you actually vibrate the sphincter muscles, which you don't want to do!«
Alex Rosner: »The way these mixers are designed - all of them - is that there is a peak amount of voltage that this or any mixer is capable of putting out before distortion. The way they calibrate these things, is that when the display device on the mixer begins to go into the red, that means that you have just a few more db's left above that red marker, where after which it's going to be distorted, it's not going to be clear anymore.
So what you have to do is: you have to make sure, that the soundsystem, which consists of what ever devices you've got connected to this, let's say, i.e., some processors, equalizers and amplifier and speakers. You want to make sure, that whatever the volts coming out of here, let's say its two volts or ten volts - it doesn't matter, that that amount is more than sufficient to drive the amplifiers and the loudspeakers to a playing level that’s loud enough for the room.«
RBMA: »How do people or crowds come into the equation there?«
Alex Rosner: »Sound is measured in decibels, that's the measure of sound pressure. The sound has to be loud enough, so that everybody could hear it. Actually, if the people are very loud in the room, then that loudness has to be there pretty loud. In the same time there is such a thing as too loud. But rarely have I ever heard a soundsystem that is too loud. What I have heard mostly is distorted sound, which sounds louder than it really is.
So, the idea is to create clean sound and to do that, you have to do some basic calculation, which shouldn't be your function, but the function of the soundsystem designer. And the way to design a soundsystem is very basic and very simple:
First you pick the loudspeakers, how many loud speakers do I need to cover this room? I know, I want to generate, let's say, 120 decibels of sound pressure level.
To generate 120 decibels of sound pressure level, and you have loudspeakers that are capable to do 100db, how many of these speakers do I need in order to put out 120db? Well, if this puts out a 100db - by the way the Academy's loudspeakers put out a lot more than 100db, I'm just playing with these numbers to make 'em even – then two speakers put out a 103db. Four speakers put out 106db. Eight speakers put out 109db. Every time you double the numbers of loudspeakers you go up 3db in power. So 120db would take a lot of these loudspeakers.
So now I've got the number of loudspeakers I've calculated. Now the question is: how much power do I need? The manufacturer of this loudspeaker says that this loudspeaker wants to have a 100 Watts for itself so it could put out 120db. So I need a 100 Watts power amplifier for every loudspeaker. I could put two loudspeakers across each other together - this is eight Ohms and another loudspeaker is eight Ohm, and, [if] I put the two together it becomes four Ohms, because when you put two loudspeakers together, it halves the impedance. An amplifier with 200 Watts per channel to four Ohms – terrific - it drives two of these speakers per channel. So one amplifier [drives] four loudspeakers, so if I have 40 loudspeakers, I need 10 amplifiers.
Now I've got my system designed, basically from the amplifiers and the loudspeakers and now my amplifier says: "Gee, if you give me 1,5 Volts coming in, I can put out my full power." So you have to make sure that this mixer puts out 1,5V. When you are into the red, you got to make sure you got 1,5V available. And if that is the case, you should never even go near the red. You should go way below the red, because if the red is at a Volt and a half, then that's the maximum sound pressure level that you can ever use in the room. The way I calibrate the system, is that I crank this thing [the mixer] up into the red and that's my limit on here. And I adjust my amplifiers to give me the maximum power that I ever want to have in the room.
And I tell the DJ: "When you get into the red, you're speeding. And you speed at your own risk." It used to be years ago in England that the DJs paid for the damage, but now [somebody] tells me that it's not true anymore. They don't do that in England, but they used to a long time ago. I guess there things changed. In the United States the DJ definitely does not pay for the damage and they do a lot of damage. They don't mean to, they really don't mean to.
I tell you a good story: there was a club, not so long ago, in which the DJ that they kept not only damaged the soundsystem, but more often he damaged the loudspeaker monitors in the control room. And I put some pretty beefy speakers in there, thinking that they will do the job and he damaged them. I really couldn't understand why. So he understood my problem and he took me aside and said: "Listen Alex, you just got to help me out here, I'm hard at hearing and the owner doesn't know it and I don't want to tell him. You got to work with me. Please help me, I need all the help I can get." He was a wonderful young man, had a big following and was a great DJ. [But] he was hard of hearing. I had to put in a real studio monitor speakers - not unlike these [at the Academy] - which is really overkill, but he needed them to hear. And he never blew another piece of equipment after that on the dancefloor, once he had his monitors that he could hear.
If you stay in clubs long enough, where they are playing a sound pressure level of 100db to 125db, your hearing will be impaired irreversibly. And chances are that my hearing is not as good as my sons hearing. I mean, I can manage, I can still hear everybody pretty well and I can have a conversation, but if my hearing was measured, probably there is some damage because of my vocation. DJs are also in extremes because the monitors that you listen to, usually play very loud and also earphones can play very loud, that over a period of time they do some damage. So you really have to take defensive action if you want to protect your hearing. You're overall young (looks around to the Academy participants), you have a long life ahead of you and you really need to be aware of this. Don't be heroes and not to play or not to be in places for any real long period of time, where there is high sound pressure level!
What the sound pressure level is, it's going to take a little study on your part to know. It's a complicated subject and I can't just give you direct numbers, that wouldn't make any meaning without a lot of explanation. It's fair to say that the office of something out of the United States, publish a list saying what's safe and what's not safe. Their estimates are a little too conservative. According to them, if you are in a room with 95db for three hours, you are going to get hearing damage. Well, 95db is a loud conversation in a room. So, that isn't really practical, but you have to do some determination for yourself.
As to [determine], how much is loud?, one of the problems is that, if you are in a room where there is a soundsystem playing and as you are staying there for a long period of time, after a while you don't realize how loud it really is. A person walking in from the street would get hit right away very hard and know that it is loud and you wouldn't realize it. Your threshold shifts. And there comes a time where you bring your watch up to your ear, you couldn't hear the ticking anymore. Because your threshold of hearing is shifted and the ears are dead for a certain period of time, then they will recover again. Assuming that you did not sustain permanent damage.
I think you need to get a little education in that area and [if you want to] find a way to look it up. You will find it. It might not be a bad idea to have a sound level meter. Radioshack sells a cheap sound level meter for under $50. A sound level meter can tell you in decibels how loud the sound is, where you're hanging out. Those who are exposed to sound over a long period of time are the ones that I'm really concerned about. The ones that go in for a few minutes or for half an hour or so, that is no problem. It's just the sustained presence in a sound environment that's very loud, is very detrimental. I read someplace some study where they say that, if you like the sound or noise is being made, that give the ears some kind of protection. Because if you don't like it, there is something like a 'wince muscle'. And the 'wince' makes the problem worse. I don't know if that is true or not. But, to be honest with you, I have my doubts, but I did read that some place. The idea behind the article was: if you love the music, it’s OK. Well, I don't think so. I think the ears really have no way of telling, if you like it or not. The heart may long for it, the ears are connected with the heart, but they also have little follicles in the inner ear, which get burned, whether the heart likes it or not. So I think you need to take some defensive measures and the hearing is the only mechanism that you can't shut own. There are just no lids, so you have to protect the ears and you have to be smart about it.
Whether you can use these ear protectors (imitates earplugs with his digit fingers in his ears) or not, is a personal thing. I myself find it very awkward. Because when you stick those ear protectors in, they don't protect across the board at all frequencies, so the sound that you do hear doesn't sound natural. So it's not a satisfying experience. It's better than nothing, I suppose, and it will protect you to some degree, but I don't think that this is the solution. I think the solution is not to be in a place, where you're really not wanted.
Which then brings us to: why, for heavens sake, would anyone want to stand in a place that has damaging sound pressure levels being used’ That is the question that I would like to address for a few minutes. It's a good question!
You know, when you hear bands play, [there are] two things that I notice immediately: the poorer the band, the more they speed up as they play. They don't keep a steady beat. They start slowly and they speed up. Inadvertently, I don't think it's deliberate. Number two is: They get louder when they play!
The explanation for the first is that they are not aware of speeding up. It's natural, they get excited and they don't have the presence of mind and discipline to hang back a little bit on the beat. The drummer is really the one supposed to guide them, but he gets carried away too. So the beats per minute at the end of the song are guaranteed higher than the beats per minute when they start. Whereas a professional band, doesn't have that problem.
Also getting louder: They get louder, because they think that they are going to energize the audience more with their loudness. The DJ thinks the same way. He doesn't speed up, because he's got a machine that keeps a steady beat. And he is playing a record that was made in a studio, that's probably on speed. But he thinks that by raising the volume he's going to energize the audience. And the audience going to have a better time and he's going to be more appreciated. This point of view, unfortunately, is about me (points to his chest). It's not about the music and it's not about the audience. It's about me. I am doing my thing. I want to look good, I want to be popular and I want you to love me- I am a great DJ - and if you don't believe so, I'm going to make it louder. This is a disease!
If you go to a club these days, it's worse than ever - at least in New York. In the last five or six years I've been only in New York clubs. Last night it was the first time I went to a little club or a bar… In New York, I can tell you that, women seat in this position (folds his arms with a bored and skeptic face). Now, you don't have to be a shrink to know that this is a defensive posture. What are they defending themselves? You think that they defending themselves against the jerk that they are with? I don't think so; they don't need defense for that! They are defending them against the sound. There is a sound onslaught. And women express themselves better than men. Men usually have their hands in the pockets or they just slouch. Women really express themselves and you can see if I am wrong: if you walk into a club next time, look at the position of the women that are seated.
There was a Club called Savage (uses the French pronunciation), then they changed the name to Club Elite in New York on 23rd street. It was a black club and it was very hot. The guy was doing great business. And the landlord was about to kick him out because he played too loud. Upstairs was a hotel and there were people complaining and the environmental protection agency gave him summonses and the fine would rise every time they came. And it got to the point where the next step was that they throw him out, losing liquor license and everything. So I got called in: "What can I do?" The loudspeakers where hung on the walls and the DJ was playing at outrageous loudness. He was a good DJ, too, but he was absolutely outrageous and his position was: "Ey, this is what I need to turn the crowd on." I said: "OK, I believe you. But, are you ready for another job? You're going to have to get another job because this owner is not going to go to jail, but he's going to loose his business. His investments going to be down the drain and you gonna be looking for a new job! So what are you going to do?" He said: "What do you suggest?" I said: "First we got to do is to take the speakers off the wall, because they are vibrating the walls."
It was a long, narrow room, so I put 16 JBL speakers on each side of the dancefloor. They were spaced about five feet apart and the sound now came directly to the dancefloor. The speakers were very close to the dancefloor and at both corners, length of the dancefloor, I put two big bass horns, one on each side - that was it! The sound pressure that we were reading was 10db lower than what we had before on the dancefloor. I was going up into a tenants apartment with a sound level meter and measured the sound level that I could just about hear up there. That to me was the speed limit.
Because any above that, they would complain about and up to that they wouldn't complain. So knowing what that was, I came back to the dancefloor measured the sound level [while] playing music and it was about 118db or 119db, which wasn't very loud. I was worried about, that this owner was losing his business anyway, because he is not getting any customers at this low playing range. So, Saturday night came around and all the people came in to dance and - surprise - all of them had a great time. Nobody complained! They said: "Gee, it sounds so nice and crisp and clear, we get lots of bass on the floor, it sounds terrific." And everybody was happy.«
RBMA: »There are rumors, that you are involved in stuff like the cueing system and these kind of things.«
Alex Rosner: »That is true. As I said, it happened to be that I was at the right time at the right place. There was a time, when all the mixers were mono. In the early days the mixer was a broadcast mixer only used in broadcast. That's all it was, the radio stations weren't in stereo, it was all in mono.
There was a guy named Louis Bozak, who made mono mixers for broadcast uses and public address systems use. And it seemed to me that one of those mixers that he had - which had ten in and two out, to go to two zones - was a perfect vehicle, which, with some modification, you could make a stereo mixer. So I said to him one day: "What’s really needed out here is a stereo mixer, because stereo is the way to go." I had read the technical papers from Bell laboratories about [stereo]. That early 'cocktail party' effect. I knew that stereo would be a good thing to have in clubs. And up until then, I made my own little stereo mixer using two headphone amplifiers for the cueing system and a sliding fader – a very, very primitive device. My technician painted it red, so they called it Rosie, because it was rose red. And when I met Bozak I said: "I do not want to manufacture these things, but I think you, as a manufacturer of equipment, can make a stereo mixer." And he said: "OK!"
He made the original mixer and he sends it to me for testing. He said: "Test it for ruggedness; I don't know what to do." So I took a bottle of Coca Cola and I poured it on the mixer. That was my reliability test, I thought that was a realistic test, little knowing that DJs probably don't drink Coca Cola's. But I felt that Coca Cola was corrosive because I knew when I put it on my car battery, it dissolves the corrosion at the battery terminal. So I felt that had some effect. When I poured the Coca Cola in the mixer fader it had no effect. So I got back to Bozak and I said: "You got it, that's it, it's reliable!" Then the CMA 10-2 was born, that was a standard of the industry.«
c) dich, der den Grundstein legen kann ...
@flipsen:
Lol du gurke
es geht um das wave music community board :d
ich selber kaufe 320er weil ich keinen qualitativen unterschied zu wav hören kann.